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1.
NMB/NMBR通过调节A型流感病毒(IAV/H1N1/PR8)感染诱导的细胞因子表达而参与抗IAV的先天性免疫反应。为探究其发挥抗IAV/H1N1感染的信号通路,本文用PR8和WSN毒株分别感染MLE-12细胞和小鼠,用NF-κB抑制剂BAY11-7028单独或联合NMB处理MLE-12细胞,小鼠后腿肌内注射NMB和NMBRA,采用RT-PCR和qRT-PCR分析NMB、NMBR、IL-6、IFN-α和NP基因表达变化,采用Western blot分析NMB、NMBR、P65/p-P65、IκBα和NP蛋白表达的变化。结果显示,BAY11-7028可促使PR8和WSN感染的MLE-12细胞中NMB、NMBR、IL-6和IFN-α基因表达水平均下降和NP基因表达水平上升,并降低NMB、NMBR和p-P65蛋白表达水平和提升IκBα和NP蛋白表达水平。然而,NMB联合BAY 11-7028诱导PR8或WSN感染后的细胞中IL-6和NP表达出现极显著下降和IFN-α显著上升。此外,NMB抑制PR8和WSN感染的小鼠肺组织内p-P65和NP蛋白表达水平和促进IκBα蛋白表达水平;NMBRA联合NMB抵消NMB对PR8或WSN感染后的这些蛋白表达水平的调节作用。综上表明,NMB/NMBR通过调节PR8和WSN感染的MLE-12细胞和小鼠体内的NF-κB信号通路上P65蛋白磷酸化和IκBα的表达,进而影响下游细胞因子IL-6和IFN-α基因的表达,从而发挥抗IAV/H1N1感染的先天性免疫应答反应。 相似文献
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氮效率研究是油菜营养性状遗传改良的前提,为探究不同氮效率油菜种质苗期氮吸收、转运和利用的异同,以2个氮效率差异油菜种质H6(氮高效)和L18(氮低效)为供试材料,利用水培营养液设置正常氮(CK)和低氮(LN)2个氮浓度处理,培养14d后检测植株氮含量,计算氮累积量、氮转运系数和氮利用效率。结果显示,不同氮浓度处理对油菜苗期氮的吸收、转运和利用效率影响的差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。与CK相比,LN处理的油菜生物量、氮含量和氮累积量均显著降低,而氮利用效率和根冠比显著提高;氮高效油菜种质H6的生物量、氮累积量、氮转运系数和氮生理利用效率均显著大于氮低效种质L18,分别为L18的2.07、1.42、3.23和1.56倍。从氮的吸收、转运和利用3个方面探讨了低氮胁迫处理下油菜种质苗期氮效率差异的原因,对深入开展油菜氮高效机理研究及油菜品种氮效率改良具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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Tania Khandakar Chris Guppy Sheikh M. F. Rabbi Heiko Daniel 《Soil Use and Management》2021,37(1):120-125
Soil carbon (C) saturation implies an upper limit to a soil's capacity to store C depending on the contents of silt + clay and poorly crystalline Fe and Al oxides. We hypothesized that the poorly crystalline Fe and Al oxides in silt + clay fraction increased the C saturation and thus reduced the capacity of the soil to sorb additional C input. To test the hypothesis, we studied the sorption of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on silt + clay fractions (<53 µm) of highly weathered oxic soils, collected from three different land uses (i.e., improved pasture, cropping and forest). Soils with high carbon saturation desorbed 38% more C than soils with low C saturation upon addition of DOC, whereas adsorption of DOC was only observed at higher concentration (>15 g kg?1). While high Al oxide concentration significantly increased both the saturation and desorption of DOC, the high Fe oxide concentration significantly increased the desorption of DOC, supporting the proposition that both oxides have influence on the DOC sorption in soil. Our findings provide a new insight into the chemical control of stabilization and destabilization of DOC in soil. 相似文献
5.
为明确不同氮、磷、钾用量对小麦冠层不同层次光截获和干物质分配的影响,以济麦22为供试材料,设置F0(不施肥)、F1(N 180 kg·hm-2,P2O5 75 kg·hm-2,K2O 60 kg·hm-2)、F2(N 225 kg·hm-2,P2O5 120 kg·hm-2,K2O 105 kg·hm-2)和F3(N 270 kg·hm-2,P2O5 165 kg·hm-2,K2O 105 kg·hm-2)4个施肥量处理,比较分析开花后不同氮、磷、钾用量对小麦叶面积指数、冠层不同层次光截获特性和成熟期干物质分配的影响。结果表明,F1处理下叶面积指数显著高于F0处理,而与F2和F3处理间无显著差异;开花后15 d,F1处理下小麦冠层不同层次及总PAR截获率和截获量均显著高于F0处理,而与F2和F3处理间无显著差异。F1处理下成熟期干物质在小麦冠层不同层次营养器官中的分配量、籽粒中的分配量及总干物质积累量显著高于F0处理,而与F2和F3处理间无显著差异。成熟期干物质在小麦冠层不同层次营养器官和籽粒中的分配量以及总干物质积累量与冠层上层(顶部至株高2/3)、中层(株高2/3至株高1/3)和总PAR截获率均呈显著正相关。F1处理(N 180 kg·hm-2,P2O5 75 kg·hm-2,K2O 60 kg·hm-2)为本试验条件下的最优处理。 相似文献
6.
Xuhua Zhong Kaiming Liang Bilin Peng Ka Tian Xiaojuan Li Nongrong Huang Yanzhuo Liu Junfeng Pan 《作物学报(英文版)》2020,(1):62-70
Short basal internodes are important for lodging resistance of rice(Oryza sativa L.).Several canopy indices affect the elongation of basal internodes,but uncertainty as to the key factors determining elongation of basal internodes persists.The objectives of this study were(1)to identify key factors affecting the elongation of basal internodes and(2)to establish a quantitative relationship between basal internode length and canopy indices.An inbred rice cultivar,Yinjingruanzhan,was grown in two split-plot field experiments with three N rates(0,75,and 150 kg N ha−1 in early season and 0,90,and 180 kg N ha−1 in late season)as main plots,three seedling densities(16.7,75.0,and 187.5 seedlings m−2)as subplots,and three replications in the 2015 early and late seasons in Guangzhou,China.Light intensity at base of canopy(Lb),light quality as determined from red/far-red light ratio(R/FR),light transmission ratio(LTR),leaf area index(LAI),leaf N concentration(NLV)and final length of second internode(counted from soil surface upward)(FIL)were recorded.Higher N rate and seedling density resulted in significantly longer FIL.FIL was negatively correlated with Lb,LTR,and R/FR(P<0.01)and positively correlated with LAI(P<0.01),but not correlated with NLV(P>0.05).Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that FIL was strongly associated with Lb and LAI(R2=0.82).Heavy N application to pot-grown rice at the beginning of first internode elongation did not change FIL.We conclude that FIL is determined mainly by Lb and LAI at jointing stage.NLV has no direct effect on the elongation of basal internodes.N application indirectly affects FIL by changing LAI and light conditions in the rice canopy.Reducing LAI and improving canopy light transmission at jointing stage can shorten the basal internodes and increase the lodging resistance of rice. 相似文献
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旨在维护国家稳定,为预判粮食生产前景、提高粮食生产效率、保障粮食安全提供理论依据。利用湖南省统计数据,运用灰色关联分析法筛选关联性较强的影响因素,并建立GM(1,N)预测模型预测粮食产量。2008—2017年与湖南省粮食产量关联度最大的影响因素是粮食作物播种面积和农业机械总动力;科技因素是影响2008—2017年湖南省粮食产量的主要因素,其次是自然因素,社会因素;2018—2027年湖南省粮食产量有较小波动,且农业机械总动力和财政农业支出影响较大;农业机械总动力在前后十年对粮食产量都有较重要的影响,越来越占据主导地位。粮食产量受国家政策的影响,受农业机械总动力影响最大,维持产量水平需高度重视农业机械化水平,稳步提高粮食作物播种面积。 相似文献
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Kai Fan Qunfeng Zhang Dandan Tang Yuanzhi Shi Lifeng Ma Meiya Liu Jianyun Ruan 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2020,183(2):180-191
The contribution of N remobilization is crucial for new shoots growth and quality formation during spring tea shoots development. However, the translocation mechanism of N from source leaves to sink young shoots is not well understood. In the present study, 15N urea was applied to mature tea leaves one week before bud break to track N remobilization in a field experiment. The dynamic changes in plant 15N abundance, contents of amino acids, and the expression levels of genes related to N metabolism and translocation were followed during the 18‐d development of new spring shoots until three expanding young leaves. The results showed that during the growth of new shoots the amount of 15N in the shoots increased, whereas the Ndff (N derived from 15N‐urea) in mature leaves decreased, showing that the foliar‐applied N in mature leaves was readily exported to new shoots. This process was found to be accompanied by decline of chlorophylls. In the mature leaves, expression CsATG18a and CsSAG12 involved in autophagy was dramatically induced (> 4‐fold) at approximately nine days after the bud breaking. The genes involved in the transformation of amino acids, including primarily CsGDH2, CsGDH4, CsGLT3, CsGS1;3, and CsASN2 were upregulated by > 3‐fold after bud breaking. The expression levels of CsATG8A, CsATG9, CsSAG12, CsGS1;1, CsGDH1, and CsAAP6 correlated negatively with the Ndff in mature leaves, but positively with 15N amount and total N amount in new shoots, suggesting these genes played important roles in N export from mature leaves. In the new shoots, the expression of most genes showed two defined peaks, one on six days and one on 12 days after bud breaking. The expression of CsGS2, CsASN3, CsGLT1, and CsAAP4 positively correlated with the 15N amount and total N amount in new shoots. These genes might be involved in the transport and re‐assimilation of N from mature leaves. The overall results demonstrated that the translocation of 15N from mature leaves to new spring shoots was regulated by the genes involved in autophagy, protein degradation, amino acid transformation and transport. 相似文献
10.
To determine whether senescing leaves provoke an active nitrogen (N) remobilization that results in the reduction of nitrogenase activity, 60% of Medicago truncatula lower leaves were either darkened or individually excised for two weeks. Although a considerable amount of N was remobilized, N2 fixation activity was found to be increased to maintain the N source/sink balance, indicating an absence of the negative N‐feedback regulation of nitrogenase activity in the senescing M. truncatula. 相似文献